Shabbat & sacred space

I’m interested in the concept of sacred or religious space. I often come across the idea of a ‘Jewish house’ or ‘Jewish life’ in this sub. What are the rules, if there are any, around observing Shabbat in a non-Jewish house? What allows a Jew to observe Shabbat in another house—where they could presumably influence the space—or in a temporary accommodation, for instance, while travelling? And what is expected of the utensils used such as the candlesticks? TIA.